آموزش و پرورش پیش از دبستان در عصر جدید

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش‌وپرورش پیش‌دبستانی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد آموزش زبان انگلیسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

یکی از مهم­ترین و غامض­ترین سؤالات در زمینه تعلیم و تربیت پیش از دبستان، چگونگی تهیه برنامه درسی مؤثر در این مقطع است که با توجه به ظهور عصر اقتصاد دانایی محور و تغییر و تحولات برق‌آسا، شرایط پاسخ­گویی به آن بیش ‌از پیش دشوار شده است. پژوهش حاضر برای مطالعه ضرورت دیدگاه «مطالعات برنامه درسی راهبردی[1]» و الگوی «برنامه درسی چند بُعدی[2]» و چیستی آن در برنامه درسی پیش از دبستان صورت گرفته است. رویکرد پژوهش، کیفی و روش آن، توصیفی-تحلیلی[3] بوده است که اطلاعات و داده­های مورد نیاز با مراجعه به اسناد و مدارک کتابخانه­ای موجود در زمینه موضوع به دست آمد. یافته­ها بیانگر آن بود که ضرورت دیدگاه راهبردی بنا بر عواملی همچون ظهور عصر اقتصاد دانایی محور، توسعه فناوری ارتباطات و اطلاعات، دگرگونی مفهوم سواد، پارادایم پیچیدگی، لزوم بومی‌سازی برنامه درسی، وجود سبک­های شناختی و یادگیری متفاوت و نو مفهوم گرایی و ضرورت الگوی چند بُعد نگری با عواملی همچون لزوم مرتبط کردن برنامه درسی باتجربه‌ی زیسته­ی کودک، تزریق ویژگی چابکی و توان پاسخ­گویی برنامه درسی به مسائل روز و همچنین لزوم یادگیری مادام­العمر، در برنامه درسی پیش از دبستان قابل دفاع است. در نهایت نیز، پژوهش حاضر با بررسی مبانی فلسفی و روان‌شناختی این الگو به ارائه تعریفی جامع از آن می­پردازد. این پژوهش نشان می­دهد که مطالعات برنامه­ درسی راهبردی رویکردی کل‌نگر است و الگوی برنامه­ریزی چندبُعدی مبتنی بر آن، برنامه مطلوب کاربردی برای اجرا در برنامه درسی پیش‌دبستان است.



[1]. Strategic Curriculum Study (SCS)


[2]. Multi-Dimensional Curriculum (MDC)


[3]. Descriptive - Analytic                                        

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Early Childhood Education in the New Era: What and How of the Strategic Curriculum Studies Approach and the Multi-Dimensional Curriculum Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • behnam ghasimzadeh 1
  • Fariborz Farhadi Langroudi 1
  • Meysam Khazaee Kouhpar 2
1 . M.Sc. in Preschool Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University
2 M.Sc. Student of English Language Education, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

One of the most important and complicated questions in the field of early childhood education is how to develop an effective curriculum for this stage. Given the occurrence of the knowledge-based economy era, and the rapid rate of changes, answering such a question has become more challenging. The present research has been conducted to study the necessity of the Strategic Curriculum Studies (SCS) approach and the Multi-Dimensional Curriculum (MDC) model and what SCS & MDC is. The qualitative method of descriptive-analytical research was used to gather data and documents. The results revealed that due to the rapid development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the revolution of the concept of literacy, complexity paradigm, and adapting the educational content and materials to real-life experiences, there’s a need for a proactive indigenized curriculum focused on metacognitive and life-long learning, to which a strategic approach to curriculum studies is inevitable. Ultimately, the present research, examining the philosophical and psychological fundamentals of this model, sets out to present a comprehensive definition of MDC. This study shows that SCS is a holistic approach and the MDC model is a practically desirable plan of action for the preschool curriculum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • knowledge-based Economy
  • Strategic Curriculum Studies
  • Multi-Dimensional Curriculum
  • Descriptive-analytical
  • New Era
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