آیا ویروس کرونا (کووید 19) می‌تواند تجارت حیات‌وحش را به چالش بکشد ؟!

نویسندگان

گروه محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

پس از این همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا (کویید 19)، یافته‌های پژوهشی متعدد و نهایتا اذعان گزارش رسمی هیأت مشترک سازمان بهداشت جهانی منشا این بیماری را یکی از بازارهای مرطوب شهر ووهان چین، که تجارت حیات‌وحش به طور گسترده در آن‌ جا رواج داشت، از گونه‌ای خفاش شناسایی کردند. این موضوع سبب شد تا افکار عمومی جهان بار دیگر به تجارت غیرقانونی و حتی قانونی حیات‌وحش در بازارهای رسمی و سیاه به دیده تردید و تهدید بنگرد. در مطالعه حاضر بنابر ضرورت موضوع، خصوصا در برهه حساس کنونی، با رویکردی هرمونوتیک به چالش‌های این حوزه پرداخته شد. در این راستا با بهره‌گیری از مقالات، کتب و اسناد فرادست به کمک روش تحلیل اسنادی پدیده تجارت غیرقانونی حیات‌وحش و ارتباط آن با «بیماری‌های دارای منشأ حیوانی برای انسان» خصوصا کرونا (کووید 19) واکاوی گردید. سپس با بررسی شرایط پس از موج نخستین همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا (کووید 19) تا امروز، پیرامون این سوال که «آیا کرونا (کووید 19) می‌تواند به مبدایی برای تحول در رویکرد بین‌المللی نسبت به تجارت حیات‌وحش خصوصا قاچاق و تجارت غیرقانونی تبدیل شود؟» بحث شد. یافته‌های پژوهش حاکی از آن است که بازتعریف چارچوبی منطقی مبتنی بر توسعه پایدار برای تجارت قانونی حیات‌وحش و مبارزه کارآمد با تجارت غیرقانونی موجب حفاظت موثرتر از تنوع زیستی و کاهش هزینه‌های سرسام‌آور بهداشت و درمان ناشی از بیماری‌های با منشا جانوری برای انسان خواهد شد. در پایان در راستای مدیریت کارآمدتر بازار حیات‌وحش بین‌الملل پیشنهاداتی به افراد ذی‌صلاح ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Can the Coronavirus (Covide 19) challenges the wildlife trade?!

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Ali Boroumand
  • azita farashi
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Environment, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Iran.
چکیده [English]

After the Covid-19 virus was first reported from Wuhan, China in 2019, the virus spread to other countries & continents in a very short period of time, overshadowing various aspects of people's lives. After all this pandemic, numerous research findings & finally the official report of the Joint Board of the WHO identified the origin of this disease from a wet Chinese market, where the wildlife trade was widespread. This caused the world's public opinion to once again threaten the illegal & even legal trade in wildlife in the official & black markets. In the present study, due to the necessity of the subject, especially in the current critical period, the challenges of this field were addressed with a hermeneutic approach. In this regard, using the above articles, books & documents, with the help of documentary analysis, the phenomenon of illegal wildlife trade & its relationship with “zoonotic diseases”, especially Coronavirus (Covide 19), was investigated. Then, looking at the situation after the first wave of coronavirus outbreaks to date, the question "Can corona become the basis for a shift in the international approach to wildlife trade, especially trafficking & illegal trade?" discussed. The findings suggest that redefining a sustainable development-based logical framework for the legal trade of wildlife & the effective fight against illegal trade will provide more effective protection against biodiversity & reduce the staggering health costs of zoonotic diseases. In the end, in order to more efficiently manage the international wildlife market, suggestions were offered to the stakeholders.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • wildlife trade
  • biodiversity
  • corona
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