مالکیت فکری در پروژه های تحقیق و توسعه مشارکتی با بودجه عمومی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای سیاستگذاری علم و فناوری، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار مدیریت تکنولوژی، گروه مدیریت صنعتی، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار سیاست گذاری علم و فناوری، گروه سیاست علوم و تحقیقات، مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور، تهران، ایران

4 دانشیار مدیریت سیستم ها، گروه مدیریت دولتی، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

5 استاد مهندسی صنایع، گروه مدیریت فناوری اطلاعات، دانشکده مدیریت و اقتصاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران ایران

چکیده

مسائل مرتبط با دارایی ها و مالکیت فکری در حوزه پژوهش و نوآوری نقش مهمی ایفا می کنند. بویژه در مورد پژوهش ها و پروژه هایی که با مشارکت مؤسسات پژوهشی، دانشگاه ها و بخش های مختلف انجام می گیرند و نحوه شناسایی، مدیریت و تعیین مالکیت فکری نتایج و نوآوری های ایجاد شده، نیازمند تدابیر ویژه ای است؛ تا هم منافع کلیه طرف ها حفظ شود و هم بیشترین بازده حاصل شود. در این پژوهش به بررسی مسائل مرتبط با دارایی های فکری پروژه های تحقیق و توسعه مشارکتی که علاوه بر مشارکت نهادهای پژوهشی و صنایع، از بودجه های عمومی و دولتی هم بهره مند هستند، پرداخته شده است. به این منظور مطالعه تطبیقی بین دو نمونه از برنامه های جاری در سطح جهان یعنی برنامه افق 2020 اتحادیه اروپا و برنامه مراکز پژوهش مشارکتی استرالیا انجام شده است. این دو برنامه به دلیل سابقه طولانی و بهبود مستمر در تنظیمات مرتبط با دارایی ها و مالکیت فکری برای انجام مطالعه، انتخاب شده اند و کلیه اسناد و مستندات مرتبط با دارایی های فکری در این برنامه ها مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. بر اساس مطالعه تطبیقی انجام شده مراحل، گام ها و مسائل اصلی مرتبط با دارایی ها و مالکیت فکری در این گونه پروژه ها استخراج شده است که شامل سه مرحله پیش از آغاز، اجرا و پایان مشارکت هستند. این مراحل به ترتیب مشتمل بر پنج، سه و سه گام هستند که در هر گام مسائل اصلی و مهم مورد توجه در رابطه با دارایی ها و مالکیت فکری شناسایی شده اند. این مسائل شناسایی شده در هر گام و مرحله، می توانند راهنمای عملی برای مدیریت دارایی های فکری در طرح ها و پروژه های تحقیق و توسعه مشارکتی باشند که از طریق منابع و بودجه های عمومی تأمین مالی می شوند؛ تا از این طریق کلیه جوانب مربوط به دارایی های فکری و همچنین منافع و اهداف طرف های مشارکت مدنظر قرار گرفته و به نحو شایسته تأمین گردد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Intellectual property in publicly funded cooperative R&D projects

نویسندگان [English]

  • samira nadir khanlo 1
  • Mehdi Goodarzi, 2
  • Arash Mousavi 3
  • Mohammad Abooyee Ardakan, 4
  • Sepehr Ghazinoory 5
1 PhD Student of Science and Technology Policy making, National Research Institute for Science Policy, Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor, Technology Management, Industrial Management Department, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Science and Technology Policy making, Science and Research Policy Department, National Research Institute for Science Policy, Tehran, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Systems Management, Public Administration Department, Faculty of Management, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
5 Professor, Industrial Engineering, IT Management Department, Faculty of Management and Economics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Intellectual property related issues play an important role in the field of research and innovation. Especially in the case of research and projects carried out with the participation of research institutes, universities and other various parties from government and industry, it is necessary to have some special measures and methods for identifying, managing and assigning ownership of results and created innovations; In such a way that interests of all parties be served and also the highest efficiency be achieved. In this study, we attempted to investigate intellectual property issues related to publicly funded cooperative research and development projects. For this purpose, a comparative study has been conducted between two cases of ongoing worldwide programs; the EU’s Horizon 2020 program and the Australian Cooperative Research Centers program. These two programs have been selected for this study due to their long history and continuous improvement in the settings related to intellectual property and assets. All documents in these programs which are related to intellectual property have been reviewed. Based on the comparative study, the main phases, steps and issues related to intellectual property and assets in such projects have been extracted, which include three phase; before the start, implementation and end of the partnership. These phases consist of five, three, and three steps, respectively, in which the main and important issues related to intellectual property and assets are identified. These identified issues at each step can be a practical guide for managing intellectual property in collaborative R&D projects funded by public resources and budgets; In this way, all aspects related to intellectual property as well as the interests and goals of all parties are considered and adequately secured.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • cooperative R&D projects
  • intellectual property
  • Horizon 2020 program
  • Cooperative Research Center program
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