A Framework for the Engagement of the Scientific Diaspora in Science and Technology Policy Issues

Document Type : applied research

Author

Assistant Professor, Management of Technology, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Scientific diasporas possess significant potential for playing a crucial role in science and technology policymaking in both home and host countries. These transnational communities of scientists and professionals contribute to the advancement of science and technology through knowledge transfer, international collaborations, and science diplomacy. Given the widespread presence of Iranian diaspora researchers in the science and technology ecosystems of developed countries, Iran's scientific diaspora possesses significant potential to play an effective role in addressing science and technology policy issues. Accordingly, the Twentieth Chapter of Iran’s Seventh Development Plan has introduced new policies in this regard. This study adopts a qualitative research approach using a multiple case study method to develop an operational and practical framework for defining the role of scientific diasporas in science and technology policy issues. The paper examines the experiences of India, China, and Mexico in leveraging their scientific diasporas. The selection of these countries as case studies was made in consultation with experts based on their prominent and well-documented experiences in engaging with their scientific diasporas and the availability of relevant data. The study relies on secondary data sources, including academic articles and policy documents, which were analyzed using conventional content analysis. The findings were reported through within-case and cross-case analyses. Based on these findings, the study proposes a framework that conceptualizes the role of scientific diasporas across six key dimensions: knowledge and technology transfer, strengthening science diplomacy and facilitating international relations, mitigating the negative impacts of talent outflows (brain drain), promoting evidence-based policymaking, participating in policy programs, and capacity building and infrastructure development. The proposed framework serves as a practical tool for researchers and policymakers to assess the extent to which a country utilizes its scientific diaspora. Finally, based on the study’s findings, policy recommendations are provided to maximize the potential of Iran’s scientific diaspora in alignment with the objectives of the Seventh Development Plan.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

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