بررسی بودجۀ عمومی و پژوهشی دانشگاه های منتخب در ایران و جهان

نویسنده

عضو هیئت علمی مرکز تحقیقات سیاست علمی کشور

چکیده

امروزه اهمیت و نقش تحقیق و توسعه در رشد و توسعه اقتصادی کشورها بر کسی پوشیده نیست و در تمام دنیا عاملی مهم در افزایش توان ملی و تاب آوری اقتصادی محسوب می شود. در این میان دانشگاه ها از جمله مهم‌ترین مراکز تولید علم و فناوری به شمار می آیند. بنابراین موضوع تأمین مالی پژوهش های دانشگاهی، موضوعی بسیار مهم و تعیین کننده است؛ چرا که بودجه های پژوهشی دانشگاه و ساختار آن، می تواند نقشی مهم در جهت دهی پژوهش ها و به تبع آن رشد و توسعه ایفا نماید. انتخاب ساختار درست بودجه های پژوهشی به عوامل گوناگونی بستگی دارد و باید به فراخور نیاز جامعه و شرایط و محیط نهادی منحصر به هر کشور صورت گیرد. هدف اصلی مقالۀ حاضر بررسی ساختار تخصیص بودجۀ عمومی و پژوهشی به برخی دانشگاه های منتخب در سراسر جهان و ایران است. یافته های این بررسی نشان می دهد که تأمین مالی پژوهشی دانشگاه ها در کشور تنها از سوی دولت انجام‌ شده و سایر منابع سهم اندکی در این امر دارند و دانشگاه ها تنها به بودجه دولتی متکی هستند. که البته این مسئله ناشی عواملی است که هم دانشگاه و هم صنعت را از ایجاد ارتباط و تعامل با هم بازمیدارد. برخی از این عوامل عبارتند: عدم اطمینان از حفاظت کامل از حقوق مالکیت فکری در بخش صنعت، بوروکراسی و عدم انعطاف مدیریت دانشگاه‌ها، عدم وجود ارتباط و شبکه های ارتباطی قوی میان سرمایه گذاران و فعالان صنعت و دانشگاهیان، و ... . بررسی بودجۀ دانشگاه‌های مورد مطالعه نشان می دهد که علاوه بر نهادهای دولتی، نهادهای دیگر نیز در تأمین مالی دانشگاه ها نقش دارند و همچنین سهم بودجه های پژوهشی در ایران نسبت به دیگر دانشگاه ها بسیار اندک است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the general and research University budgets of selected universities in Iran and the world

نویسنده [English]

  • NaserAli Azimi
Member of the faculty of the Department of Science Economics ,National Research Institute for Science Policy
چکیده [English]

Today, the importance and role of research and development in the economic growth and development of countries are not hidden from anyone, and it is an important factor in increasing national power and economic resilience all over the world. universities are among the most important centers for the production of science and technology. Therefore, the issue of funding for academic research is a very important and decisive issue. Because the university's research budgets and structure can play an important role in guiding research and, consequently, growth and development. Proper structure of research budgets and the use of a combination of these budgets - public and private - tailored to the needs of society and existing problems, instead of paying attention to one type of budget can lead to better results. On the other hand, mere attention and use of only one type of budget can take the university out of its main path, which is the production of new knowledge and applied knowledge. The main purpose of this article is to examine how the general and research budgets of some selected universities around the world and Iran are allocated. The results of this study show that the financing of the country's universities is done only by the government and other sources have a small share in this case. An examination of the budgets of the universities in question shows that, in addition to government institutions, other institutions also play a role in financing universities. Also, the share of research budgets in the total budget of selected universities in the world is more than the selected universities in Iran.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • university research funding
  • Universities–industry collaboration
  • University funding Institutional environment
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