آسیب‌‌شناسی‌های پژوهش در ایران تا 1393ش: مرور، دسته‌بندی و نقد

نوع مقاله : ترویجی

نویسنده

دانشیار گروه الهیات، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران.

چکیده

در دهه‌های اخیر شماری از محققان ایرانی به آسیب‌‌شناسی پژوهش‌های علمی توجه نشان داده‌اند. اینان هر یک از منظری و با رویکردی، خواسته‌اند اسباب و علل ناکامی‌های احتمالی را کشف کنند و راهی برای رفع آن‌ها بیابند. در مطالعۀ کنونی پیشینه این کوشش‌ها تا پایان سال 1393ش مرور و بازخوانی می‌شود؛ یعنی تا دورانی که انتظار می‌رود اغلب مطالعات آسیب‌شناسانه‌ای که تا پایان دولت دهم جمهوری اسلامی ایران (1388-1392ش) تألیف شده‌اند منتشر گشته باشند. صاحبان مطالعات یادشده در این دوره گاه بیش‌تر از منظر یک جامعه‌‌شناس علم به مسئله نگریسته‌اند، برخی روان‌شناسانه انگیزه‌‌های فردی محققان را کاویده‌اند، برخی دیگر هم‌چون شاهدانی عینی تجربۀ حضور خویش در دانشگاه‌های داخل و خارج ایران را مقایسه کرده‌اند، برخی به اقتضای مسئولیت‌های اجرایی از برخی مشکلات آگاه شده‌اند... و بر این منوال، هر یک به شیو‌ه‌ای بر ضرورت توجه به عواملی تأکید و تکیه نموده‌اند. گرچه اینان حتی گاه چنان تفاوت مشرب دارند که هدف‌گزاری‌ها و نگاه کلان‌شان به ماهیت علم هم‌ با یکدیگر متفاوت است، باز می‌توان شباهت‌های فراوانی در نگاه‌شان به آسیب‌های پژوهش در کشور دید. از آن سو، با همۀ اختلاف رویکرد‌ها و تنوع آراء‌شان، به نظر می‌رسد برخی مشکلات و مسائل و رویکرد‌ها از نگاه همۀ ایشان مغفول مانده است. بنا ست که در این مطالعه با مروری بر تحول آسیب‌‌شناسی‌ها، و کوشش برای دسته‌بندی دیدگاه‌ها بکوشیم تصویری بهتر از موقعیت آموزش عالی ایران و جایگاه پژوهش در آن در دورۀ بحث (یعنی از آغاز چنین مطالعاتی تا پایان سال 1393ش) حاصل کنیم. می‌خواهیم بدانیم آسیب‌‌شناسی‌ها در هر دور‌های معطوف به حل چه مشکلاتی بوده، هر یک با چه توفیقاتی هم‌‌راه شده، و ضمنا، چه آسیب‌های دیگری هنوز نامکشوف و نکاویده باقی مانده است. چنین مطالعه‌ای می‌تواند گامی نخست برای بازشناسی سیر تحول درک‌های جامعۀ علمی ایران از پژوهشگری ــ نیز باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Pathologies of Research in Iran until 2013: Review, Classification and Criticism

نویسنده [English]

  • Hāmed Khāni (Farhang Mehrvash)
Associate professor in Islamic Thelogy, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran.
چکیده [English]

In recent decades, a number of Iranian researchers have paid attention to the pathology of Iranian scientific researches. Each of them, from a perspective and with an approach, wanted to discover the causes of possible failures and find a way to solve them. In the current study, the history of these efforts until the end of 2013 is reviewed and reread; That is, until the time when it is expected that most of the pathological studies written until the end of the 10th government of the Islamic Republic of Iran (1392-1388) have been published. The authors of the mentioned studies in this period sometimes looked at the problem more from the perspective of a sociologist of science, some psychologically explored the individual motivations of the researchers, others compared their experience of being in universities inside and outside Iran as objective witnesses, some of them have become aware of the problems due to the executive responsibilities They have had... and in this way, each of them has emphasized and relied on the necessity of paying attention to certain factors. Although they sometimes have such a strong differen visions that their objectives and macro view of the nature of science are different from each other, we can still see many similarities in their view of the harms of research in the country. On the other hand, with all the differences in their approaches and the diversity of their opinions, it seems that some problems and issues and approaches have been overlooked by all of them. In this study, by reviewing the evolution of pathologies, and trying to categorize views, we will try to get a better picture of the situation of higher education in Iran and the place of research in it during the discussion period (ie, from the beginning of such studies to the end of 2013). We want to know what problems the pathologies were aimed at solving in each round, what successes each was accompanied by, and at the same time, what other injuries have still remained undiscovered and unexamined. Such a study can be the first step to recognize the evolution of the Iranian scientific community's understanding of research.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Research Method
  • Research Obstacles
  • Scientometrics
  • Literary Creativity
  • Scientific Literature
  • History of the Idea of Research

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