تحلیلی بر استراتژی‌های سازما‌‌‌ن‌های پژوهش و فناوری در اتحادیه اروپا

نویسندگان

1 عضو هیات علمی پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوریهای نوین، سازمان پژوهش های علمی و صنعتی ایران

2 هیئت علمی پژوهشکده مطالعات فناوری‌های نوین، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری با هدف تحقیق و توسعه و با رویکردهای مختلفی در کشورها ایجاد شده‌اند و نقش حلقه واسط بین دانشگاه، صنعت و دولت را ایفا ‌می‌کنند. سابقه این سازمان‌ها به اوایل قرن بیستم باز‌‌می‌گردد که به منظور حمایت از صنایع تشکیل شده‌اند. امروزه سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری هر کدام بسته به شرایط کشورشان و یا منطقه، مأموریت‌ها و سیاست‌های متفاوتی در تحقق اهداف خود به کار می‌گیرند. این مقاله تلاش دارد به بررسی و تحلیل سیاست‌های سازمان‌های پژوهش و فناوری در سایر کشورها و به ویژه در اتحادیه اروپا بپردازد. در این راستا، رویکردهای مختلف از منظر نوآوری، صنعت، دولت، و شاخص‌های عملکردی در حوزه اتحادیه اروپا مورد مطالعه و بررسی قرار گرفته است. روش مورد استفاده در این پژوهش توصیفی، تحلیلی است. گردآوری داده‌ها مبتنی بر پژوهش‌های منتشر شده و کتابخانه‌ای است، که در آن رویکردها و سیاست‌ها در سایر مؤسسه‌های پژوهشی، صنایع و دانشگاه‌ها مقایسه شده است. شاخص‌های به کار گرفته شده، رویکردهای نوآوری و انواع آنها تجزیه‌وتحلیل و به صورت دسته‌بندی جدیدی ساختاردهی شده است. در نهایت، در بخش تحلیل نتایج، جمع‌بندی جدید سیاستی در چهار رویکرد، دولت‌محور، صنعت‌محور، نوآورانه و آینده‌نگر ارائه شده است و سپس، مقایسه تحلیلی برای سازمان‌های پژوهشی کشور ارائه شده است

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Analysis of Research and Technology Organizations’ Strategies in European Union

نویسندگان [English]

  • Negar Armaghan 1
  • Negin Fallah Haghighi 2
1 Department of Technology Development Studies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran-Iran
2 Department of Technology Development Studies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Research and Technology Organizations have been established with different approaches in several countries. They have as an intermediary link among industry, government and university. The history of these organizations back to the beginning of twentieth century, that their objective was supporting industries. Nowadays, Research and Technology Organizations use different missions and strategies depending on the circumstances of their country or region. This paper tries to analyze the strategies of research and technology organizations in European Union countries. In this regard, various approaches from the point of view of innovation, industry, government, and performance indicators in other areas have been mainly studied in the EU. The research methodology is descriptive and analytic. The data collections are based on documental study, published and library research. These indicators and the innovation approaches are analyzed, structured and proposed as a new category at the end of this paper. Finally, in the results analysis section, a new strategy summary is presented in four approaches, government-oriented, industry-based, innovative and foresight base. An analytical comparison for the Iran’s research organizations is presented comparing to the current existing approaches

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Research and Technology Organizations
  • Industry
  • Innovation
  • Strategy

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