فرصت ها و تهدیدهای ویروس کرونا برای محیط زیست

نویسنده

دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

پس از شیوع بیماری کرونا در جهان زندگی انسان، موجودات زنده و محیط زیست آنها به شکل‌های مختلف تحت تاثیر قرار گرفت. شیوع ویروس کرونا فرصت ها و چالش های متعددی را بر محیط زیست جهان به همراه داشته است. هدف از این مقاله بررسی اثرات شیوع بیماری کرونا برمحیط زیست است.
این پژوهش به روش کتابخانهای و مروری به بررسی اثرات ویروس کرونا 19 بر محیط زیست پرداخته است، به شکلی که مقالات و پژوهش های مرتبط با موضوع بررسی و تحلیل شده است.
نتایج حاصل از منابع منتشر شده نشان می دهد که قرنطینه و الزام به ماندن انسان‌ها در خانه، به منظور قطع زنجیره انتقال کرونا، موجب شد که حیوانات احساس امنیت کرده، از قلمرو طبیعی خود خارج و وارد محدوده‌های شهری و روستایی شوند. کاهش آلودگی صوتی و آلودگی هوا و انتشار گازهای گلخانهای بواسطه کاهش تردد خودروها و تعطیلی موقت کارخانهها، از دیگر اثرات مثبت شیوع کرونا است که به بهبود کیفیت هوا و کاهش تبعات گرمشدن کره زمین کمک کرده است. در کنار این آثار مثبت، کاهش فعالیتهای حفاظتی در ایام کرونا در برخی از مناطق، تخریب زیستگاه‌ها و شکار غیرمجاز را افزایش داده است. افزایش تولید پسماندهای خانگی و بیمارستانی، افزایش مصرف پلاستیک و مواد یکبارمصرف و کاهش بازیافت پسماند از آثار منفی همه‌گیری ویروس کرونا است که با از بین‌بردن منابع، باعث فشار بر محیط زیست می شود. افزایش مصرف شوینده ها و مواد ضدعفونی کننده اثرات مخرب زیادی بر محیط زیست خواهد داشت.
به طور کلی، به نظر می رسد که اثرات مثبت ویروس کرونا بر محیط زیست موقت و کوتاه مدت بوده و در مقایسه با تبعات طولانی‌مدت ناشی از آن اندک است. بنابراین باید با غلبه بر کرونا، بر ساختن دوباره جامعه و اقتصاد سالم تمرکز کرده و با شناخت کامل از فرصت ها و تهدید های این ویروس، رفتارهای محیط زیستی را آگاهانه آموزش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Opportunists and threats of coronavirus

نویسنده [English]

  • mansoureh malekian
چکیده [English]

After the outbreak of coronavirus in the world, the life of humans, living organisms and their environment were changed in various ways. COVID-19 pandemic provided many opportunities and challenges for the environment. The current paper aims to investigate the positive effects and negative impacts of coronavirus on the environment.
This study was conducted by applying the library and review methodology to investigate the positive effects and negative consequences of Coronavirus on the environment, in a way that current literature and research topics related to the subject have been reviewed and analyzed.
Results show that, as humans stay indoors to prevent the spread of COVID-19, animals feel safe, get out of their natural realms, and into urban and rural areas. Reduction of environmental noise level and greenhouse gas emissions, because of reducing car traffic and temporarily shutting down factories, are another positive short-term effects of the coronavirus pandemic, which has helped to clean the air and reduce the effects of global warming. Beside these positive effects, habitat destruction, illegal trafficking and poaching of wild animals have increased in some areas. Growing the production of household and hospital waste, increasing the consumption of plastic and disposable materials and reduction of waste recycling are some of negative effects of coronavirus pandemic which by destroying resources, put pressure on the environment. Increasing the use of detergents and disinfectants will have a devastating effect on nature and biodiversity.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Environment
  • ؛ Wildlife
  • ؛ Climate change
  • ؛ Coronavirus
  • ؛ Pandemic

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