به کارگیری روش‌های تأمین مالی جمعی و نوآوری باز در راهبری عناصر زیست‌بوم پژوهش و فناوری صنعت برق؛ پیشنهاد الگوی پلتفورمی

نوع مقاله : ترویجی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد آینده‌پژوهی، پژوهشگر گروه آینده‌نگاری و سیاست‌پژوهی پژوهشگاه نیرو

2 دکترای آینده‌پژوهی، پژوهشگر گروه آینده‌نگاری و سیاست‌پژوهی پژوهشگاه نیرو

چکیده

پژوهش و تحقیق و توسعه با هدف بر طرف کردن نیازها و چالشهای فناورانه صنعت برق و انرژی، یکی از رویکردهای اصلی راهبری پژوهش و فناوری وزارت نیرو بوده است. روشی که برای راهبری پژوهش در وزارت نیرو استفاده می‌شود بر مبنای پارادایم نظام نوآوری و با رویکرد سلسله مراتبی و عمودی است. نظامهای نوآوری به منظور تبیین روشی برای تحقق اهداف دولتها در حوزه‌ی نوآوری و چگونگی استفاده از منابع پژوهشی (بودجه، دانش تخصصی و نیروی انسانی) در دوره‌ای بسیار کارآمد بوده اند. ولی با ظهور مفهوم زیست بوم کسب و کار و ظهور اقتصاد پلتفورمی، ظرفیتهای فراوانی که می‌تواند در مسیر توسعه و نوآوری صنعت برق و انرژی قرار گیرد، در نظام خطی و سیاست‌های عمودی فعلی ممکن است نادیده گرفته شود. در این مقاله با استفاده از روش مورد کاوی، ضمن بررسی دقیق نظام راهبری پژوهش و فناوری صنعت برق و انرژی، از مفاهیم نوآوری باز، اقتصاد پلتفورمی و سرمایه‌گذاری جمعی استفاده شد و با استفاده از روش فراترکیب، الگوی پلتفورمی راهبری پژوهش در صنعت برق و انرژی پیشنهاد شد. این الگوی راهبری می‌تواند به عنوان جایگزینی برای الگوی عمودی فعلی و در راستای پیاده‌سازی رویکرد افقی سیاست‌های نوآوری قلمداد شود تا بستر مناسبی برای افزایش مشارکت بازیگران و فعالان زیست‌بوم نوآوری در جهت‌دهی به نوآوری و تخصیص منابع ایجاد کند. در انتها، برخی مزایا و ملاحظات اجرایی الگوی پیشنهادی نیز بررسی شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Embedding the crowdfunding and open innovation in the power industry R&D ecosystem governance; a platform-based model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Aghaei 1
  • Alireza Asadi 2
1 Futures Studies Master’s, Foresight and Policy Research Group, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
2 Futures Studies Ph.D., Foresight and Policy Research Group, Niroo Research Institute (NRI)
چکیده [English]

Responding to the technological challenges of the power energy industry by nurturing domestic R&D has been one of the main approaches for R&D activities in the Ministry of Energy of Iran (MOE). The current R&D governance in MOE is a hierarchical and vertical governance system, mainly based upon the paradigm of innovation systems. Although governments could apply the innovation systems theory very effectively in the innovation goal setting and allocation of R&D resources (such as budget, knowledge, and expertise), the emergence of the concepts of the innovation ecosystem and platform economics challenged the innovation system in terms of leadership and participation of the actors. There might be other R&D governance approaches that are better than the current linear and top-down governance system. In this article, using the case study research method, the current system of R&D governance in the power energy industry is carefully examined. We synthesized concepts of open innovation, platform economics, and crowdfunding to create a new R&D governance model. This model can be considered as an alternative to the current vertical model to implement the horizontal approach of innovation policy, and to create a platform for increasing the participation of public and private actors of the innovation ecosystem in terms of directing the innovation and resource allocation. Finally, some of the advantages and practical considerations of the proposed model were discussed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Innovation Ecosystem
  • R&D governance Platform
  • Horizontal Innovation Policy

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