طراحی مدل مسئولیت‌پذیری اجتماعی برای شرکت‌های دانش‌بنیان

The current research was conducted to design a model for the social responsibility of knowledge-based companies. For this purpose, the method of systematic review and comparative synthesis framework has been used.
This research has been done with the benefit of a qualitative approach and framework synthesis methodology. The synthesis framework provides a structured identification method for organizing and analyzing data.
In this article, the stages of framework synthesis are as follows:

The first stage (Familiarisation): The goal here is to get familiar with the conceptual literature in the field of corporate social responsibility and to choose a conceptual framework that corresponds to the concepts identified in the researches in order to formulate a desirable model of social responsibility of knowledge-based companies.
b) Second stage (frame selection): In this stage, conceptual frameworks and corporate social responsibility models were studied and examined to select an initial conceptual framework. In the field of corporate social responsibility, there is a rich theoretical literature and several models that show different dimensions of corporate social responsibility. One of the most important and comprehensive of these frameworks is Carroll's dimensions of social responsibility (1991), which includes four dimensions: economic responsibility, legal responsibility, moral responsibility, and voluntary (public) responsibility. Therefore, Carroll's model was chosen as the primary conceptual framework.
c) The third stage (indexing): In this stage, the keywords for the search were determined. These keywords are: "corporate social responsibility", "social responsibility of knowledge-based companies", "social responsibility of start-ups", and "social responsibility of hi-tech companies". Then, by searching internal databases, including the Irandoc website, to access the theses, Magiran databases, Academic Jihad Scientific Information Center, Noor specialized journals, and Islamic World Science Citation Database, and external databases, including Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar, all documents Searched At this stage, all the scientific documents that used one of the key titles in their title, keyword, or abstract were identified. No time limit was set for the search. Using Excel software, duplicate documents were identified and removed. This step led to the finding of 70 scientific documents in the field of corporate social responsibility. Then, in the last step of this stage, the extracted documents were Filtered. The Filtering criteria were the relevance of the abstract of the articles, the high ranking of the publication, the number of references to the article, the novelty of the article, and the availability of the full text of the article. Finally, after screening, 36 documents were selected for review and further investigation.
d) Fourth and fifth stage (coding, categorization, mapping, and interpretation): In this stage, focusing on 36 selected documents, categories were identified and coded based on the initial conceptual framework, and the initial framework was redesigned to include all categories. In this step, the number of dimensions of corporate social responsibility increased from 4 dimensions to 6 dimensions. Therefore, two new dimensions were added to the initial framework. Then all the codes and categories were re-read several times by the researcher and after aggregating and merging several categories under the main categories, the desired model was obtained based on the initial model.

In this way, in several steps, the researcher systematically reviewed all scientific researches related to corporate social responsibility, then based on Carroll's social responsibility model as the primary conceptual framework, the final model of knowledge-based corporate social responsibility was created with 6 dimensions and 25 categories. It has redesigned the main and 40 sub-categories.
The dimensions of the ideal model are: the altruistic dimension including 4 subcategories (commitment to solving social problems, promoting social welfare, voluntary, humanitarian and charitable activities and public benefit activities), the ethical dimension including 5 subcategories (creating organizational belonging, social ethics, professional ethics, compliance with social justice, social accountability), the economic dimension includes 4 subcategories (paying attention to profitability, improving the local economy, improving and producing products and services, maintaining a competitive position), the legal dimension includes 2 subcategories (implementation of laws and acting according to the regulations and respecting the rights of consumers), the social dimension including 6 sub-categories (participation in the development and improvement of society, maintaining social unity, increasing social ability, social investment, creating a cultural atmosphere and improving work procedures) and finally the life dimension Environment includes 4 sub-categories (minimizing environmental destruction, having an official environmental policy, environmental education and commitment to sustainable development).
Finally, the mentioned model was validated by a group of specialists and experts in this field, and the degree of importance of the model's components was determined based on the one-sample t-test. The results of the test indicated the approval of all dimensions and categories of the redesigned model by experts. In the social responsibility model, knowledge-based companies have the most importance in the order of legal, ethical, economic, environmental, social, and altruistic dimensions. The experts also found the intersecting circles model to be more suitable for drawing the social responsibility model of knowledge-based companies than the other two conventional models (hierarchical model and concentric circles model). The findings of this research, by presenting the social responsibility model of knowledge-based companies, will help the aforementioned companies as an important part of the country's innovation ecosystem in promoting corporate social responsibility and improving responsible innovation.